Who are NRIs?
An NRI is an individual of Indian origin or an Indian citizen who does not reside in India as per the criteria defined in Section 6 of the Income Tax Act. According to this section, an individual is considered a resident of India if they meet either of the following conditions:
- They have stayed in India for at least 182 days during the previous financial year.
- They have stayed in India for at least 60 days during the previous financial year and at least 365 days during the four preceding financial years.
Therefore, an NRI is someone who does not fulfil either of these residency conditions.
TDS on Renting a Property by NRI
The Budget 2017 brought changes in TDS rules for rent payments in India. If you're renting a property owned by an NRI, you are legally obligated to deduct TDS at a specific rate and deposit it with the Indian tax authorities. This deduction is mandatory regardless of the rent amount.
Specifically, tenants must deduct 31.2% tax at source from the rent paid to the NRI landlord. After deducting the TDS, the tenant is required to complete Form 15CA and submit it online to the income tax department.
In situations where the total remittance to the NRI exceeds Rs. 500,000, an additional step is required. The tenant must also submit Form 15CB before submitting Form 15CA. Form 15CB is a certificate providing details of the remittance and the applicable tax.
Applicable Tax Rates on Renting a Property by NRI
The standard TDS rate applicable on rent paid to an NRI landlord is 31.2%. This rate applies unless the NRI possesses a certificate stating that their total income from Indian sources falls below the taxable exemption limit.
An NRI landlord can obtain a certificate under Section 197 of the Income Tax Act for lower TDS deduction. If such a certificate is received from the Assessing Officer (AO), the tenant is obligated to deduct TDS at the lower rate specified in the certificate.
Process to Deduct Tax on Renting a Property by NRI
If you're renting a property in India from a Non-Resident Indian (NRI), it's important to understand the process for deducting Tax Deducted at Source (
TDS) on the rental income. Here's a breakdown of the steps involved:
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Obtain a Tax Account Number (TAN):
The first step for the tenant is to acquire a TAN (Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number). This can be done online through the NSDL website: https://tin.tin.nsdl.com/tan/form49B.html.
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Deduct TDS and Deposit:
Once you have a TAN, you're obligated to deduct TDS at a rate of 31.2% from the total rent paid to the NRI landlord. This deducted amount needs to be deposited to the government within the seventh day of the following month using Challan ITNS 281. Remember, you'll then pay the remaining rent amount (after TDS deduction) to the NRI owner.
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File TDS Return and Issue Certificate:
After depositing the TDS, the tenant must file a quarterly TDS Return in Form 26Q on the Income Tax Department's website. Additionally, the tenant needs to issue a TDS certificate in Form 16A to the NRI landlord. This form can be downloaded from the TRACES website (Tax Regulation for Correction of Assessment Errors Scheme) within 15 days of the due date for furnishing TDS returns.